Características clínico-epidemiológicas y factores de riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes adultos con COVID-19 atendidos en la UMF-28 del IMSS, Ciudad de México

Resumen

To evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with mortality in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) treated at the Family Medicine Unit #28 of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) during a specified period.

A retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive based on the clinical history of patients with COVID-19 aged 18 to 90 years seen at the Family Medicine Unit #28 of the IMSS, Mexico City, during the period from March 2020 to March 2021 Inferential analysis to investigate the association between categorical data and COVID-19 severity was performed using the Chi-square test. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) of the factors associated with COVID-19 mortality such as age, sex, and smoking, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). the Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test to draw survival curves in patients with and without comorbidities and the case fatality rate was estimated by variable cases.

Our study indicates that male patients older than 60 years with comorbidities obtain an increased mortality risk from COVID-19. Diabetes, hypertension, obesity, COPD, renal and cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent comorbidities traits associated with a severe COVID disease and a higher mortality risk in the Mexican population (p<0.001). Covid-19 patients with kidney disease have a lower survival probability.

This study revealed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the confirmed positive cases of COVID-19 in Mexico. Which should be considered to improve management actions in vulnerable populations and identify patients who need early medical attention to prevent complications from COVID-19.